Digging Deeper Days
Finding the original intent of Scripture and making good application to our everyday lives as we become equipped to correctly handle the Word of Truth!
The Questions
1) What is Paul referring to in verse 16 when he uses the connecting word “then”?
2) What does it mean for us to be a new creation once we are in Christ (verse 17)?
3) Who and what is God reconciling, and how does this shape our present reality regarding our relationships (verses 18-19)?
4) What makes us “ambassadors for Christ,” and how should it affect our lives to be His representative (verse 20)?
2 Corinthians 5:16-21
16 From now on, then, we do not know anyone from a worldly perspective. Even if we have known Christ from a worldly perspective, yet now we no longer know him in this way. 17 Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has passed away, and see, the new has come! 18 Everything is from God, who has reconciled us to himself through Christ and has given us the ministry of reconciliation. 19 That is, in Christ, God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and he has committed the message of reconciliation to us. 20 Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, since God is making his appeal through us. We plead on Christ’s behalf: “Be reconciled to God.” 21 He made the one who did not know sin to be sin for us, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
Original Intent
1) What is Paul referring to in verse 16 when he uses the connecting word “then”?
The epistle genre of letter-writing was common in Jewish culture. All the known authors of the biblical epistles were either an apostle (meaning they were an original disciple of Jesus) or a close relative of Jesus. These men were all uniquely inspired and equipped by the Spirit of God to relay messages to the people of God through their writing. It’s probable that Paul wrote at least three letters to the Corinthian church. 1 Corinthians 5:9 refers to a previous letter; and in 2 Corinthians 2:3-4, he references information which was not covered in the first letter. Bible scholars believe there was at least one other letter, probably written between 1 Corinthians and 2 Corinthians.
It is essential in the study of 2 Corinthians 5 to consider its context within the letter as a whole, as well as his original letter to the people in Corinth (1 Corinthians). As he often does, Paul is expressing one extended thought regarding the gospel’s work in the life of a believer. In these letters, he uses the words “for” and “therefore” and “so”. Paul’s use of “then” in verse 16 refers the reader to what he said in the previous sentences regarding our relationship with Christ (verse 15). Because of His death, believers are those “who should no longer live for themselves, but for the one who died for them and was raised.” This was the essence of all of Paul’s writing. And of his living. (Romans 8:9-11, Galatians 2:8-21 Ephesians 2:4-8)
2) What does it mean for us to be a new creation once we are in Christ (verse 17)?
Most dictionaries define a Christian as “a person professing belief in Jesus as the Christ or in the religion based on His teachings.” Unfortunately, the English dictionary falls short of communicating what being a Christian really is. The word “Christian” is used only three times in the New Testament (Acts 11:21-26 ; Acts 26:25-29 ; 1 Peter 4:13-16), and was not meant as a compliment. At the time, it was common for Greeks to mockingly bestow nicknames to specific groups. Therefore, those who had followed Jesus – the one claiming to be the Christ – in their behavior, activity, and speech, were identified with Christ and were dubbed “little christs.”
In verse 17, Paul gives a definition of what it really means to be a Christian. His writing, teaching, and his own life, focused on the truth that a person who was ”in Christ” most significantly demonstrates his new identity by inwardly rejecting the (old) self-absorption into which each person is born. As a “new creation,” the believer’s mindset/heart enthrones Christ, not self. Paul’s aim was to persuade the Corinthians to deny themselves and the sinful habits attached to a self-focused life.
3) Who and what is God reconciling, and how does this shape our present reality regarding our relationships (verses 18-19)?
Scripture teaches the believer’s life is not worldly (verse 16). Once someone has become a “new creation,” he or she is in union with God and His kingdom purposes, just as Christ is. Although there will one day be an ultimate reconciling of everything to God (Acts 3:20-22 Colossians 1:19-20), God sent Jesus to become human in order to redeem the human race He created. Paul mentioned this in his first letter. (1 Corinthians 1:28-31) Every person is in desperate need of being reconciled with God because sin broke the relationship God had established with man, separating us from Him forever (Isaiah 59:2). Humanity, which was once God’s good creation, became God’s enemy because of sin. Thankfully, unlike every other religion in the world which dismisses the requirements of the moral law for mercy’s sake, Christianity is the demonstration of God’s mercy through His justice. The very sin that alienated every person from the Creator was also atoned for through Christ’s sacrificial death. (Romans 3:24-26 ) Instead of counting the trespasses of man against him, which was justified action, God Himself took the punishment (through Christ) so those who believe can be reconciled to Him. In response, the reconciled become part of God’s work in the world to reconcile others to Him.
4) What makes us “ambassadors for Christ,” and how should it affect our lives to be His representative (verse 20)?
Merriam-Webster defines an ambassador as one who is “accredited to another sovereign state … as the resident representative of their own government or sovereign.” Referring to himself as Christ’s ambassador, Paul saw himself and all believers as representatives of The Sovereign Lord. (Ephesians 6:18-20). Constantly aware of the grace of God, Paul’s letters indicate urgency as he pleads with the Corinthians to know and proclaim Christ crucified. (1 Corinthians 15:9-10, 2 Corinthians 4:14-15, 2 Corinthians 5:9-11 ) Paul continues his plea in Chapter 6, reminding the reader that God’s grace is to be received and applied to their lives, not ignored. As a new creation, a believer is intended to be a living gospel proclamation of Christ’s work on the cross on the sinner’s behalf. (Romans 12:1)
“Christ’s ambassadors come in God’s name, with His entreaties, and act in Christ’s stead, doing the very thing He did when He was upon this earth, and what He wills to be done now that He is in heaven.” (Matthew Henry’s Commentary on the Bible).
Everyday Application
1) What is Paul referring to in verse 16 when he uses the connecting word “then”?
Paul wrote the majority of books we have in the New Testament. In all his writings, we see two big themes which give us a sense of his calling. He was chosen to 1) preach Christ to the Gentiles, and 2) relay God’s purpose for the Church. (Ephesians 3:8-9 )We know from his letters to the Corinthian church that conflict and unresolved issues had escalated among God’s people. Paul once again took time to remind them of the gospel he was called preach. 2 Corinthians is Paul’s appeal to the church to practice forgiveness and reconciliation. Paul connects it this way: “For the love of Christ compels us, since we have reached this conclusion: ‘If one died for all then all died. And he died for all so that those who live should no longer live for themselves, but for the one who died for them and was raised.’” (5:14-15)
Because of what Christ has done for the redeemed, we live for another world!
2) What does it mean for us to be a new creation once we are in Christ (verse 17)?
CS Lewis said, “Now the whole offer which Christianity makes is this: that we can, if we let God have His way, come to share in the life of Christ. If we do, we shall then be sharing a life which was begotten, not made, which always existed and always will exist. Christ is the Son of God. If we share in this kind of life, we also shall be sons of God. We shall love the Father as He does and the Holy Ghost will arise in us. He came to this world and became a man in order to spread to other men the kind of life He has — by what I call ‘good infection.’ Every Christian is to become a little Christ. The whole purpose of becoming a Christian is simply nothing else.” CS Lewis
God created humanity in His likeness and “it was very good”. (Genesis 1:31) We failed to respond to Him in the way we should have and lost the good relationship we had when we sinned against Him. In His mercy, God redeemed and restored mankind, giving us the opportunity to be remade into His likeness and to enter into a forever relationship with Him. Paul gives us a great description of what it means to walk in this new life in Ephesians 4.
3) Who and what is God reconciling, and how does this shape our present reality regarding our relationships (verses 18-19)?
Those of us who have been reconciled to God through the cross of Christ are called to bring others into the family of God. Paul made a plea for believers to recognize their responsibility to share the message of reconciliation with others. Although it’s not clear how we will be “repaid for what we have done … whether good or evil” at the judgment seat of Christ (5:10), Paul connects it to our witness in verse 11. Bible Commentator Bill Vaughn helps us to understand this: “The nature of the judgment … is not to judge sin … [but to] judge each Christian’s service for possible rewards. Paul’s greatest ambition was to please his Lord. Christians should follow Paul’s example and let the judgment seat of Christ be the reason for their ambition to please the Lord Jesus Christ in all of their service.”
The prophet Ezekiel had a similar word from the Lord (Ezekiel 3:17-19). Charles Spurgeon paraphrased Ezekiel’s words by saying: “If sinners be damned, at least let them leap to hell over our bodies. If they will perish, let them perish with our arms about their knees. Let no one go there unwarned and un-prayed for.”
4) What makes us “ambassadors for Christ,” and how should it affect our lives to be His representative (verse 20)?
Believers are the ambassadors of the kingdom of God (that is, the rule of God over all the people in the world). As such, we represent Him to the world. He uses us to tell those not yet in Christ, that they can be reconciled to God through His Son. Paul’s plea to the church at Corinth is the same call on the life every believer. We are to sense the urgency of our mission of reconciliation. Because of His great mercy and love, God sent Jesus to pay the price for our reconciliation (John 3:14-17). The One who had never sinned became sin for us. (verse 21) This sacrifice compels us to share the message of reconciliation as bold ambassadors, doing so in love and compassion for those who have not yet experienced it.
“Our identity in Christ should be such an integral part of our lives that it is impossible for someone to know us well without understanding how our Christian faith informs our lives. By all means, build deep relationships with unbelievers. And be up front about who you and are and what you believe. Don’t go in cognito in order to be a better witness. Let people see Christ in you and let them know Who it is they’re seeing.” (Trevin Wax)
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Digging Deeper is for Everyone!
1) Take this passage (or any other passage).
2) Read it, and the verses around it,
several times
3) Write down your questions
as you think of them.
4) Ask specific culture related questions and be ready to dig around for your answers. Google them, use www.studylight.org, or look them up in a study Bible and read the footnotes (click on the little letters next to a word and it will show you
other related verses!). (www.esvbible.org)
5) Check your applications with other trusted Christians that you are in community with and embrace the fullness of God
in your everyday!
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Why Dig Deeper?
Finding the original meaning is a huge deal when we study Scripture and can make all the difference in our understanding as we apply God’s truths to our everyday lives.
In our modern-day relationships, we want people to understand our original intention as we communicate; how much more so between God and humanity?!
Here’s a little bit more on why we take Digging Deeper so seriously.
Study Tools
We love getting help while we study and www.studylight.org is one of many excellent resources, providing the original Hebrew (Old Testament) or Greek (New Testament) with an English translation.
Want to know more about a specific word in a verse? Click on “Strong’s Interlinear Bible” then click the word you’d like to study. Discover “origin”, “definition” and hear the original pronunciation – That Is Awesome!
Want more background? Click “Study Tools”, then pick a few commentaries to read their scholarly approach, keeping in mind that just because a commentary says it, doesn’t mean it’s true. (just like the internet :-))
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